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LỚP 9 Toán cơ bản Ôn bài lý thuyết CHƯƠNG II. HÀM SỐ BẬC NHẤT 2.5. Hệ số góc của đường thẳng y = ax + b (a khác 0)
2.5. Hệ số góc của đường thẳng y = ax + b (a khác 0)
Nội dung chính
ÔN TẬP: HỆ SỐ GÓC CỦA ĐƯỜNG THẲNG Y = AX + B (A KHÁC 0)
KIẾN THỨC CẦN NHỚ
1. Khái niệm hệ số góc của đường thẳng
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a) Góc hợp bởi đường thẳng 
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với trục 
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:
Góc 
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hợp bởi trục 
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và nửa đường thẳng nằm trong nửa mặt phẳng bởi 
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và chứa trục 
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– Khi 
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thì 
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là góc nhọn 
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– Khi 
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thì 
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là góc tù 
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b) Hệ số góc của đường thẳng y = ax + b.
Ứng với mỗi giá trị của hệ số 
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trong hàm số y = ax + b, có một góc 
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được xác định bởi đường thẳng y = ax + b và trục Ox.
Vì hệ số 
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của 
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có liên quan với góc 
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hợp bởi đường thẳng 
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và trục 
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nên người ta gọi 
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là hệ số góc của đường thẳng 
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.
c) Lưu ý:
– Khi hệ số góc 
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thì góc tạo bởi đường thẳng 
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và trục 
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là góc nhọn.
Hệ số 
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càng lớn thì góc 
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càng lớn nhưng vẫn nhỏ hơn 
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.
– Khi hệ số góc 
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thì góc tạo bởi đường thẳng 
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và trục 
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là góc tù.
Hệ số 
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càng lớn thì góc 
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càng lớn nhưng vẫn nhỏ hơn 
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BÀI TẬP VÍ DỤ
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Ví dụ: Cho hàm số
a) Vẽ đồ thị hàm số.
b) Tính góc tạo bởi đường thẳng
Bài giải:
a) Vẽ đồ thị hàm số
- Cho
, tính được . Ta xác định được điểm - Cho
, tính được . Ta xác định được điểm
Đồ thị hàm số
b) Gọi
Ta có
Xét tam giác vuông
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BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
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BÀI TẬP CƠ BẢN
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Bài 1:
Bài 2:
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BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO
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Bài 1:
Bài 2:
Trên đây là các kiến thức cần nhớ và các bài tập ví dụ minh họa về nội dung của bài học Hệ số góc của đường thẳng y = ax + b (a khác 0) – toán cơ bản lớp 9.
Chúc các em học tập hiệu quả!